Studies on key bioactive compounds in volatile and fixed oil of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum L.)

Abstract

Experiment was conducted in Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum L.) with extraction of the volatile and fixed oil to analysing the major bioactive compounds and fatty acids detection. The major whole dry green pod like structures called as capsule and is used as flavouring in Tea and many foods preparation and pan masala too. It is also known as “Elaichi”. By using the rotary evaporator apparatus 2% oils were extracted. These oils were utilized after the making FAME and injected in autosampler of GC MS for detection of compounds with untargeted approaches and compared with RT and score of NIST library. The experimental results shown the 54 compounds identified in cardamom oils out of them 51 were unique. More than 60% area were detected in the analysis of volatile compounds of Cardamom viz., Eucalyptol (25.79%), 3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, á.,4-trimethyl-, acetate (37.05%). Thirteen compounds were in the range of 1 to 5% and 39 compounds were detected in the range of 0.02 to 0.92% in volatile oils of cardamom. In Fatty acids profiling showed 18 fatty acids including SFA (Saturated Fatty acids) 7.17%, MUFA (Monounsaturated Fatty acids) 69.71%, PUFA (Poly Unsaturated Fatty acids) 23.12 , MUFA/PUFA ratio showed 3.015% and UnsFA/SFA (Unsaturated Fatty acids/SFA) ratio indicated 12.95% area in Cardamom