Microchemical analysis in fixed and volatile oil of black pepper (Piper nigrum L)

Abstract

The experiment on microchemical analysis of seed powder of black pepper was performed at FTL, JAU Junagadh. and the result shown the presence of 44 peaks in volatile oil extracted with rotary evaporator in powdered materials of the Piper nigrum L and 17 peaks of fatty acids in fixed oils in Soxhlet extracted oil. Most of them were found to be as intense pungent and fragrance compounds. The class of compounds in this oil were includes Aliphatic halide, Ketone, Alkane, Monoterpenoid alcohol, Alcohol (3), Bicyclic compound, Aromatic aldehyde, Aromatic ether, Aromatic hydrocarbon, Cycloalkene (4), Bicyclic hydrocarbon, Bicyclic alkene, Diene. The key Bio-marker compounds were found to be as the Caryophyllene at 21.889 minutes with peak number 29. The highest area, covering 23.21 %, was observed at 9.693 minutes, in addition to peak number 7, which showed the highest height with an area % of 20.84 at 11.51 minutes RT, and had 44 peaks in it adducts. These findings also shown the complete pictures of fatty acids too and the highest area% 32.91with 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (PUFA). The quality oil indices were found to be in the range of SFA (36.65%), MUFA (25.81%), PUFA (37.54) %, MUFA/PUFA ratio (0.69), O/L ratio (6.24) and UnsFA/SFA (38.24). The literature cited here indicated compounds had antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and insect-related activities as well as anticancer compounds too in black pepper