Convergence in pearl millet production across desert and non-desert districts of Rajasthan

Abstract

Rajasthan, the largest state in India by area, is the leading producer of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) in the country. The state is geographically divided into desert and non-desert districts, with 61 per cent of its area classified as desert.This study examines whether production disparities across 27 original districts of Rajasthan narrowed between 1980–81 and 2019–20, analyzing 11 desert and 16 non-desert districts separately. Sigma convergence is assessed using the linear trend in the annual coefficient of variation, while the bivariate beta-convergence specification relates production growth to initial production levels. The reported sigma coefficients are not statistically significant for the all districts, desert districts and non-desert offering no evidence of a consistent linear decline in relative dispersion. The beta coefficient is negative and significant for the all districts and non-desert but not for desert districts. These estimates suggest an inverse relationship between initial production and growth but do not indicate a clear reduction in production dispersion. These findings pertain to aggregate production rather than yield, efficiency, or household welfare. This advocate for a distinct research and policy approach focused on climate risks, crop-livestock systems, and locally appropriate diversification. The study highlights the need for targeted policy interventions to address the unique challenges faced by desert districts and to promote equitable growth across all districts.