AMMI analysis of rice yield trials (Oryza sativa L.)

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the world's most important staple cereal food crop growing in at least 114 countries under diverse conditions such as irrigated, rainfed lowland, rainfed upland and flood prone ecosystems. The considerable variation in environment has resulted in significant variation in the yield performance of rice genotypes. Thus, genotype × environment interaction (GEI) is an important issue faced by the plant breeders and agronomists. There are different approaches for studying GEI i.e. parametric, non-parametric and multivariate statistical methods. The objective of the present investigation was to analyze the pattern of genotype × environment interaction (GEI) for grain yield of 21 rice genotypes by Additive Main effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model using the data generated from the four different locations (Nawagam, Vyara, Dabhoi and Thasra) of Gujarat state, India. The results revealed that the genotypes (G), environments (E) and genotypes × environments interaction (GEI) were highly significant and contributed 7.8, 80.1 and 12.1 per cent of trial variation, respectively. The partitioning of GEI variation into principal component axis indicated that the first two axis were found significant and contributed 63.13 and 27.97 per cent, respectively to the GEI variance. The genotypes viz. NWGR-3199 was winner and high yielding for Dabhoi and Thasra locations, IETY-19132 for Vyara location and IET-19143 for Nawagam location. Genotypes NWGR-3026, NWGR-3006, IET-19147 and IET-19160 were close to the origin in biplot and hence, they were non-sensitive to environmental interactive forces. Therefore, they possess general adaptation due to better mean grain yield. Nawagam environment was high yielding potential location, whereas Vyara, Dabhoi and Thasra were observed low yielding environments. According to AMMI Stability Value (ASV), W_i(AMMI) and ASTAB_i, Genotypes NWGR-3026, IET-19147 and NWGR-3006 were found stable whereas genotypes IET-19132 and IET-19143 were unstable.